Introductions of Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) have caused the decline and extinction of
many plant and animal species, and are cited as a cause of endangerment for 48% of the
species listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). In 2005, aquatic invasive species
cost the U.S. economy over $120 billion. Their occurrence and distribution are
increasing rapidly, and adverse impacts associated with AIS continue to rise. For all of
these reasons, the development of local, regional, and national strategies for the
prevention and management of AIS species is critically needed.
AIS can be plants, such as Eurasian watermilfoil, animals, such as zebra mussels, and
other microorganisms, such as the parasite that causes whirling disease. Once
introduced into new habitats, these organisms disturb native species through
competition, predation, displacement, hybridization, spread of disease and parasites,
and can ultimately cause extinction of many valued organisms. AIS can also affect
humans by causing adverse impacts to commercial, agricultural, aquacultural, and
recreational activities that depend on water resources.
In Montana, Aquatic Invasive Species are a serious problem. There are currently over 70
aquatic invasive species reported in the State. Current state activities and statutes
address AIS prevention and control. However, there is a need to combat AIS at the local
watershed level to assist with these efforts, and minimize the harmful economic,
ecological and social impacts of AIS.
This strategic plan is tiered to the federally approved State Aquatic Nuisance Species
Management Plan, and is the initial step in establishing a program in the Flathead Basin
to prevent, control or eliminate AIS within the watershed. This AIS plan is dependent
upon a coordinated, grass‐roots effort designed to prevent the dispersal of AIS into,
within, and out of the Flathead Basin through early detection and assessment of newly
established invaders; monitoring of invading populations; implementing public outreach
and education programs; improving the understanding of the ecology of invaders and
factors in the resistance of habitats to invasion; and supporting the development,
testing and implementation of prevention, management, and control methods.
The Flathead Basin Plan outlines strategies and supporting tasks that can be used to
prevent the spread of AIS. The Plan also contains a 2010 work plan outlining the
programmatic and funding priorities for year 1. It is anticipated that the work plan will
be updated annually, and will be revised as we learn more about the ecology of invasive
species, and the efficacy of prevention and control strategies.
